1-Compare and contrast the operation of negative and positive feedback mechanisms in maintaining homeostasis. Provide two examples of variables controlled by negative feedback mechanisms and one example of a process regulated by a positive feedback mechanism.
\n#2-Compare and contrast skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle tissue relative to structure, body location, and specific function.<\/p>\n
_____________________________-
\n1. Negative and positive feedback mechanisms in maintaining homeostasis<\/p>\n
Negative feedback is a process that helps to maintain a stable internal environment by counteracting changes in a variable. For example, if blood sugar levels rise, the pancreas releases insulin, which helps to lower blood sugar levels. This negative feedback loop helps to keep blood sugar levels within a healthy range.<\/p>\n
Positive feedback is a process that amplifies changes in a variable. For example, during childbirth, the release of oxytocin causes the uterus to contract. This contraction then causes the release of more oxytocin, which causes the uterus to contract even more. This positive feedback loop helps to bring about the birth of the baby.<\/p>\n
Examples of variables controlled by negative feedback mechanisms<\/p>\n
Blood sugar levels
\nBody temperature
\nBlood pressure
\nBlood pH
\nHeart rate<\/p>\n
Example of a process regulated by a positive feedback mechanism<\/p>\n
Childbirth
\nBlood clotting
\nImmune response<\/p>\n
2. Skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle tissue<\/p>\n
Skeletal muscle is attached to bones and is responsible for voluntary movement. Skeletal muscle cells are long and striated, and they contain many nuclei.<\/p>\n
Cardiac muscle is found in the heart and is responsible for pumping blood throughout the body. Cardiac muscle cells are also long and striated, but they have only one nucleus per cell.<\/p>\n
Smooth muscle is found in the walls of hollow organs, such as the stomach, intestines, and bladder. Smooth muscle cells are short and spindle-shaped, and they do not have striations.<\/p>\n
Structure
\nType of muscle\tStructure
\nSkeletal muscle\tLong and striated cells with many nuclei
\nCardiac muscle\tLong and striated cells with one nucleus per cell
\nSmooth muscle\tShort and spindle-shaped cells without striations<\/p>\n
Body location
\nType of muscle\tBody location
\nSkeletal muscle\tAttached to bones
\nCardiac muscle\tHeart
\nSmooth muscle\tWalls of hollow organs<\/p>\n
Specific function
\nType of muscle\tSpecific function
\nSkeletal muscle\tVoluntary movement
\nCardiac muscle\tPumping blood throughout the body
\nSmooth muscle\tContraction of hollow organs<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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