Pharmacology Case Study Analysis – Medication Safety and Clinical Decision-Making

Assessment Context

Course Placement and Assessment Metadata

• Course: Pharmacology for Nursing Practice
• Assessment Type: Individual Case Study Analysis
• Assessment Number: Assignment 2
• Weighting: 30%
• Length: 1,050–1,400 words (excluding references)
• Referencing Style: APA 7th edition
• Submission Format: Written paper, Word document

Assessment Description

This case study analysis requires you to apply foundational and clinical pharmacology knowledge to a patient scenario involving prescribed medications. The assessment focuses on safe medication administration, therapeutic effectiveness, adverse drug reactions, and nursing responsibilities in monitoring and patient education. Emphasis is placed on evidence-based decision-making and alignment with U.S. clinical practice standards.

Assessment Task

You are provided with a patient case involving multiple prescribed medications. Using pharmacological principles and current evidence, analyze the case and respond to the following components.

1. Identify the primary medical condition(s) presented in the case and the therapeutic goals of pharmacological management.
2. Analyze each prescribed medication, including:
   • Drug class and mechanism of action
   • Indications relevant to the case
   • Key pharmacokinetic considerations
3. Evaluate potential adverse effects, contraindications, and clinically significant drug–drug or drug–disease interactions.
4. Discuss nursing responsibilities related to safe administration, monitoring parameters, and patient education.
5. Recommend evidence-based nursing interventions to optimize therapeutic outcomes and minimize medication-related risk.

Case Study Scenario

A 68-year-old male with a history of type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and chronic kidney disease stage 3 is admitted for uncontrolled blood glucose levels. Current medications include metformin, lisinopril, furosemide, and newly prescribed insulin glargine. Recent laboratory results indicate reduced renal function and electrolyte imbalance.

Requirements and Submission Guidelines

• Use current peer-reviewed sources published within the last 8 years.
• Demonstrate accurate pharmacological terminology and clinical reasoning.
• Integrate U.S.-based clinical guidelines where relevant.
• Maintain a formal academic tone appropriate for nursing coursework.
• Adhere strictly to APA 7 formatting and referencing standards.

Marking Criteria and Rubric

Assessment Rubric

Criterion	High Distinction (90–100%)	Distinction (80–89%)	Credit (70–79%)	Pass (60–69%)	Fail (<60%)
Pharmacological Knowledge	Accurate, detailed, and clinically integrated analysis	Mostly accurate with strong application	Adequate understanding with minor gaps	Basic knowledge with limited application	Inaccurate or insufficient
Clinical Reasoning	Clear, logical, and evidence-based reasoning	Logical with minor omissions	Reasoning evident but underdeveloped	Minimal clinical linkage	Absent or flawed reasoning
Nursing Interventions	Highly relevant and evidence-based	Relevant and mostly evidence-based	General interventions identified	Limited relevance	Unsafe or inappropriate
Use of Evidence	High-quality, current sources well integrated	Good sources with sound integration	Some reliance on non-primary sources	Minimal evidence	No credible sources
Academic Writing and APA	Clear, concise, error-free APA	Minor errors	Noticeable errors	Frequent errors	Non-compliant

Insulin glargine provides basal glycemic control through sustained insulin release, which is essential for managing persistent hyperglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes. Reduced renal function necessitates close monitoring due to altered insulin clearance and increased hypoglycemia risk. Nursing priorities include routine blood glucose assessment, electrolyte monitoring, and patient education on hypoglycemia recognition. Evidence supports individualized dosing and vigilant monitoring to improve safety in older adults with comorbid renal disease (American Diabetes Association, 2024, https://doi.org/10.2337/dc24-S001).

Peer-Reviewed References

• American Diabetes Association. (2024). Standards of care in diabetes—2024. Diabetes Care, 47(Suppl. 1), S1–S350. https://doi.org/10.2337/dc24-S001
• Katzung, B. G., Vanderah, T. W. (2021). Basic and clinical pharmacology (15th ed.). McGraw-Hill. https://accessmedicine.mhmedical.com
• Lehne, R. A., Rosenthal, L. D. (2023). Pharmacology for nursing care (11th ed.). Elsevier.
• Hicks, R. W., Becker, S. C. (2020). An overview of medication errors in nursing. Nursing Clinics of North America, 55(2), 157–169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cnur.2020.02.003