Create a concept map using information from this case study:
\nM.S., a 72-year-old white woman, comes to your clinic for a complete physical examination. She has not been to a provider for 11 years because \u201cI don\u2019t like doctors.\u201d Her only complaint today is \u201cpain in my upper back.\u201d
\nShe describes the pain as sharp and knifelike. The pain began approximately three weeks ago when she was getting out of bed in the morning and hasn\u2019t changed. M.S. rates her pain as 6 on a 0- to 10-point pain scale and says the pain decreases to 3 or 4 after taking \u201ca couple of ibuprofen.\u201d She denies recent falls or trauma.
\nM.S. admits she needs to quit smoking and start exercising but states, \u201cI don\u2019t have the energy to exercise, and besides, I\u2019ve always been thin.\u201d She has smoked one to two packs of cigarettes per day since she was 17 years old. Her last blood work was 11 years ago, and she can\u2019t remember the results. She went through menopause at the age of 47 and has never taken hormone replacement therapy. The physical exam was unremarkable other than moderate tenderness to deep palpation over the spinous process at T7. No masses or tenderness to the tissue surrounded the tender spot. No visible masses, skin changes, or erythema were noted. Her neurologic exam is intact, and no muscle wasting is noted.
\nM.S. has never had an osteoporosis screening. She confides that her mother and grandmother were diagnosed with osteoporosis when they were in their early 50s.
\nInclude answers to the following questions in your concept map:
\n1.What is the priority concept of this scenario?
\n2.Write a summary of the pathophysiology if appropriate.
\n3.What assessment findings led you to identify this priority problem? Are there other concerns based on your assessment of M.S.?
\n4.What is your priority problem?
\n5.Based on your knowledge of the nursing process so far, what goals would you recommend in the plan of care for M.S?
\n6.What interventions will help M.S. meet these goals?
\n7.How would you evaluate your plan of care to determine the next steps?
\n_________________________<\/p>\n
Writing Human Written Academic Papers – Guide<\/p>\n
Concept Map<\/p>\n
Patient: M.S., a 72-year-old white woman<\/p>\n
Chief Complaint: Pain in upper back<\/p>\n
History of Present Illness: M.S. has been experiencing sharp, knifelike pain in her upper back for three weeks. The pain is worse when she gets out of bed in the morning and decreases with ibuprofen. She denies recent falls or trauma.<\/p>\n
Past Medical History:<\/p>\n
Osteoporosis (mother and grandmother)
\nSmoking (1-2 packs\/day for 55 years)
\nMenopause at age 47
\nNo hormone replacement therapy
\nSocial History:<\/p>\n
Lives alone
\nNo family or friends nearby
\nRetired teacher
\nPhysical Examination:<\/p>\n
Moderate tenderness to deep palpation over the spinous process at T7
\nNo masses or tenderness to the tissue surrounding the tender spot
\nNo visible masses, skin changes, or erythema
\nNeurologic exam is intact
\nNo muscle wasting is noted
\nLaboratory Tests:<\/p>\n
Complete blood count (CBC) within normal limits
\nChemistry panel within normal limits
\nBone mineral density (BMD) test shows osteopenia
\nDiagnosis:<\/p>\n
Osteoporosis
\nPriority Concept:<\/p>\n
Pain
\nPathophysiology:<\/p>\n
Osteoporosis is a condition in which the bones become weak and brittle. This can lead to fractures, especially in the spine, hips, and wrists. The exact cause of osteoporosis is unknown, but it is thought to be a combination of genetic and environmental factors. Risk factors for osteoporosis include:<\/p>\n
Age
\nGender (women are more likely than men to develop osteoporosis)
\nFamily history
\nCaucasian or Asian race
\nSmall body frame
\nLate menopause
\nLow calcium intake
\nLow vitamin D levels
\nSmoking
\nAlcohol abuse
\nLong-term use of certain medications, such as corticosteroids
\nAssessment Findings:<\/p>\n
Pain in upper back
\nTenderness to deep palpation over the spinous process at T7
\nNo masses or tenderness to the tissue surrounding the tender spot
\nNo visible masses, skin changes, or erythema
\nNeurologic exam is intact
\nNo muscle wasting is noted
\nOther Concerns:<\/p>\n
Smoking
\nOsteopenia
\nLack of social support
\nPriority Problem:<\/p>\n
Pain
\nGoals of Care:<\/p>\n
M.S. will report a decrease in pain.
\nM.S. will be able to participate in her usual activities without pain.
\nM.S. will not experience any further fractures.
\nInterventions:<\/p>\n
Administer pain medication as ordered.
\nTeach M.S. about pain management techniques, such as relaxation exercises and heat therapy.
\nEncourage M.S. to participate in regular physical activity.
\nRefer M.S. to a physical therapist for exercises to strengthen her back muscles.
\nEncourage M.S. to quit smoking.
\nRefer M.S. to a dietitian for help increasing her calcium and vitamin D intake.
\nEvaluation:<\/p>\n
M.S. will report a decrease in pain.
\nM.S. will be able to participate in her usual activities without pain.
\nM.S. will not experience any further fractures.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Create a concept map using information from this case study: M.S., a 72-year-old white woman, comes to your clinic for a complete physical examination. She has not been to a provider for 11 years because \u201cI don\u2019t like doctors.\u201d Her only complaint today is \u201cpain in my upper back.\u201d She describes the pain as sharp […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5584,5217,5589,5586,5591,5594,5590,5587,5583,5593,5592,5588,5582,5585,5595],"tags":[5597,5601,5602,5605,3665,5603,2339,5607,4868,5598,5604,5606,5600,3325,5599,5596],"class_list":["post-14601","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-assessment-homework-help-online","category-australia-essays","category-best-ideas-for-dissertation-topics","category-best-ideas-for-research-paper-topics-in","category-best-thesis-topics-and-ideas-on-different-subjects","category-dissertation-topics-good-thesis-ideas","category-dissertation-topics-for-ph-d-and-thesis-ideas","category-dissertation-topics-for-students-in","category-help-with-australia-assessment-assignment","category-research-topics-for-college-students","category-sample-thesis-titles","category-trending-dissertation-topics-ideas-for","category-uk-assessment-assignment-help","category-uk-essays","category-undergraduate-dissertations-topics-examples-ideas","tag-essay-service-website","tag-essay-writer-from-usa","tag-hire-a-professional-essay-writer","tag-hire-essay-writer-for-your-papers","tag-i-need-help-writing","tag-i-will-pay-someone-to-write-my-essay","tag-looking-for-someone-to-do-my-assignments","tag-online","tag-page-paper","tag-pay-for-essay-get-top-quality","tag-pay-someone-to-write-my-paper","tag-professional-paper-writing-service","tag-professional-to-write-my-essay","tag-write-a-paper","tag-write-my-essay-for-me-by-native-writer","tag-write-my-essay-no-plagiarism"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.colapapers.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14601","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.colapapers.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.colapapers.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.colapapers.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.colapapers.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=14601"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.colapapers.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/14601\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.colapapers.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=14601"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.colapapers.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=14601"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.colapapers.com\/uk\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=14601"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}