\u25cf Form – Unchanging essences
\n\u25cf Empiricism – Knowledge stems from the feeling of sensation
\n\u25cf Humans love senastaion because sensation is the beginning of knowledge
\n5 Stages of Knowledge
\n1. Senses
\n2. Memory
\n3. Experience
\n4. Techne\/craft\/art (Only achieved by humans)
\n5. Science (Only achieved by humans)
\n\u25cf One – This is a reference to a universal term
\n\u25cf Many – This refers to the individual
\n\u25cf Normalism – Some philosophers believe that general terms are made up and not based
\non any form of objectivity. Examples of philosophers of this belief were William of Oscam
\nand David Hume
\n\u25cf Both Aristotle and Plato were realists
\n\u25cf Gender realist – You are made up of one of the genders as this is objective
\n\u25cf Gender nomination – It is a personal choice and ppl
\n\u25cf Realism – Belief that general terms relate to something in reality
\n\u25cf Aristotle believes that knowledge is based on sensation first.
\n\u25cf Abstraction – This refers is Aristotle\u2019s theory that the human mind starting from
\nsensation is able to separate out what type of thing something is
\n\u25cf Although Aristotle rejects Plato\u2019s theory of the form but uses the word form . He believes
\nthat every physical object is some form or matter (What is individual about you)
\n\u25cf Essentials (form) – characteristics that define the type of thing that something is.
\n\u25cf Accidentals (matter) – characteristics that are true of the individual but do not define the
\ntype of thing it is.
\n\u25cf Aristotle believes that the problem of the one and the many can be solved without the
\ntheory of the forms
\n\u25cf Socrates believes knowledge requires recollection and believes that before the soul
\nentered the body we had a spiritual knowledge of an object and seeing it in real life
\nmakes us remember what it is
\n\u25cf Anything that has its own theory or terminology is a form of techne
\n\u25cf Animals cannot techne stage bcz it involves language and theorizing
\n\u25cf Phlegmatic – Someone who is prone to many illnesses especially of the respiratory
\ntract.
\n\u25cf Bilious – Someone who is prone to diseases of the liver
\n\u25cf Techne – This is the stage at where you apply theory to explain what you have seen in
\nexperience. Can only be achieved by humans
\n\u25cf Science – This is the ultimate development of knowledge and it refers to organized
\ninformation where you reach the first principle of a topic
\n\u25cf Sometimes the person of experience exceeds the person of techne
\n\u25cf Techne is sometimes taught before experience but doesn\u2019t necessarily mean they will be
\nable to apply the knowledge
\n\u25cf Aristotle makes approx 56 criticisms of Plato\u2019s form theories
\n\u25cf Plato has a dialogue called the Parmenidies (Dialogue between Soc and Parmenidies)
\nExamples of Aris Criticisms of Plato\u2019s theories
\n1. Alternative epistemology – Aris says that he can do what Soc and Plato do but in a way
\nthat doesn\u2019t involve their theory of Forms and that his way is more in line with common
\nsense
\n2. Oddness of some forms – The theory cannot be right because it leads to very odd
\nconclusions
\n*Fully explain the problem of the one and of the many as discussed in class? Then
\nexplain how Plato would account for our general concept of a car and then how Aristotle
\nwould account for our general concept of a car (talk about sensation memory). Finally give
\nreasons for whose theory you think is better. Write between 1.5 pages. pg 275 to 290<\/p>\n
The problem of the one and of the many is a philosophical dilemma that asks how we can have both unity and diversity in our world. In other words, it asks how we can have individual things that share common characteristics. Plato and Aristotle both have different theories on how to account for this problem.<\/p>\n
Plato would account for our general concept of a car through his theory of Forms. He would say that the idea of a car is a universal form that exists independently of individual cars. The form of a car would have certain characteristics that all individual cars share, such as four wheels, an engine, and a steering wheel. Plato would argue that our general concept of a car is based on our knowledge of this universal form.<\/p>\n
On the other hand, Aristotle would account for our general concept of a car through the process of sensation and memory. He would say that we have a general concept of a car because we have experienced and sensed individual cars. Through our senses, we perceive the various characteristics of individual cars such as their shape, size, and color. Our memory then stores this information and combines it into a general concept of a car.<\/p>\n
Aristotle’s theory is better than Plato’s for several reasons. First, Aristotle’s theory is based on empirical evidence and observation, while Plato’s theory relies on metaphysical speculation. Second, Aristotle’s theory is more consistent with our common-sense understanding of the world. We know that individual cars exist, and we can observe their characteristics through our senses. Third, Aristotle’s theory allows for individual variation, while Plato’s theory suggests that all individual cars are mere copies of an ideal form. Overall, Aristotle’s theory provides a more practical and coherent explanation for the problem of the one and of the many.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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