Pagana: Mosby\u2019s Manual of Diagnostic and Laboratory Tests, 6th Edition
\nAIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome)
\nCase Studies
\nThe patient, a 30-year-old homosexual man, complained of unexplained weight loss, chronic
\ndiarrhea, and respiratory congestion during the past 6 months. Physical examination revealed
\nright-sided pneumonitis. The following studies were performed:
\nStudies Results
\nComplete blood cell count (CBC), p. 156
\nHemoglobin (Hgb), p. 251 12 g\/dL (normal: 14\u201318 g\/dL)
\nHematocrit (Hct), p. 248 36% (normal: 42%\u201352%)
\nChest x-ray, p. 956 Right-sided consolidation affecting the posterior
\nlower lung
\nBronchoscopy, p. 526 No tumor seen
\nLung biopsy, p. 688 Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP)
\nStool culture, p. 797 Cryptosporidium muris
\nAcquired immunodeficiency syndrome
\n(AIDS) serology, p. 265
\np24 antigen Positive
\nEnzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
\n(ELISA)
\nPositive
\nWestern blot Positive
\nLymphocyte immunophenotyping, p. 274
\nTotal CD4 280 (normal: 600\u20131500 cells\/L)
\nCD4% 18% (normal: 60%\u201375%)
\nCD4\/CD8 ratio 0.58 (normal: >1.0)
\nHuman immune deficiency virus (HIV)
\nviral load, p. 265
\n75,000 copies\/mL
\nDiagnostic Analysis
\nThe detection of Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (PCP) supports the diagnosis of AIDS. PCP is
\nan opportunistic infection occurring only in immunocompromised patients and is the most
\ncommon infection in persons with AIDS. The patient\u2019s diarrhea was caused by Cryptosporidium
\nmuris, an enteric pathogen, which occurs frequently with AIDS and can be identified on a stool
\nculture. The AIDS serology tests made the diagnoses. His viral load is significant, and his
\nprognosis is poor.
\nThe patient was hospitalized for a short time for treatment of PCP. Several months after he was
\ndischarged, he developed Kaposi sarcoma. He developed psychoneurologic problems eventually
\nand died 18 months after the AIDS diagnosis.
\nCase Studies
\nCopyright \u00a9 2018 by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
\n2
\nCritical Thinking Questions
\n1. What is the relationship between levels of CD4 lymphocytes and the likelihood of
\nclinical complications from AIDS?
\n2. Why does the United States Public Health Service recommend monitoring CD4
\ncounts every 3\u20136 months in patients infected with HIV?
\n3. This is patient seems to be unaware of his diagnosis of HIV\/AIDS. How would you
\napproach to your patient to inform about his diagnosis?
\n4. Is this a reportable disease in Florida? If yes. What is your responsibility as a
\nprovider?
\n—>
\nThe relationship between levels of CD4 lymphocytes and the likelihood of clinical complications from AIDS is that as the CD4 count decreases, the likelihood of complications increases. The CD4 cells are a type of white blood cell that play a key role in the body’s immune response. In individuals with AIDS, the virus attacks and destroys these cells, leading to a decrease in the number of CD4 cells. As the number of CD4 cells decreases, the individual becomes more susceptible to opportunistic infections and other complications.
\nThe United States Public Health Service recommends monitoring CD4 counts every 3-6 months in patients infected with HIV because this allows for early identification of declines in the patient’s immune system. As the CD4 count decreases, the patient becomes more susceptible to infections and other complications. By monitoring the CD4 count regularly, healthcare providers can identify declines early and take appropriate action to prevent or manage complications.
\nWhen approaching a patient to inform them of their diagnosis of HIV\/AIDS, it is important to be sensitive and empathetic. The patient should be informed of the diagnosis in a private setting and given time to process the information. The healthcare provider should provide the patient with clear and accurate information about the diagnosis, including the implications for their health and the available treatment options. The healthcare provider should also provide the patient with emotional support and resources for coping with the diagnosis.
\nYes, in Florida, HIV\/AIDS is a reportable disease. As a healthcare provider, it is my responsibility to report the case to the Florida Department of Health within five days of the diagnosis. This is to help track the spread of the disease and monitor its impact on the population, as well as to provide resources for those living with HIV\/AIDS.
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Pagana: Mosby\u2019s Manual of Diagnostic and Laboratory Tests, 6th Edition AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome) Case Studies The patient, a 30-year-old homosexual man, complained of unexplained weight loss, chronic diarrhea, and respiratory congestion during the past 6 months. Physical examination revealed right-sided pneumonitis. The following studies were performed: Studies Results Complete blood cell count (CBC), p. […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[548,280,608,452],"tags":[993,992],"class_list":["post-1936","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-case-study-help-writers","category-case-study-assignment-help","category-help-with-nursing-paper-writing-service","category-write-my-nursing-assignment-paper","tag-a-30-year-old-homosexual-man","tag-the-patient"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.colapapers.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1936","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.colapapers.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.colapapers.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.colapapers.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.colapapers.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1936"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.colapapers.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1936\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.colapapers.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1936"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.colapapers.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1936"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.colapapers.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1936"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}