{"id":84476,"date":"2025-04-20T04:06:45","date_gmt":"2025-04-20T04:06:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/essays.homeworkacetutors.com\/anterior-chamber-angle-measurement-with-schiempflug-cornea\/"},"modified":"2025-04-20T04:06:45","modified_gmt":"2025-04-20T04:06:45","slug":"anterior-chamber-angle-measurement-with-schiempflug-cornea","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.colapapers.com\/us\/anterior-chamber-angle-measurement-with-schiempflug-cornea\/","title":{"rendered":"Anterior Chamber Angle Measurement with Schiempflug Cornea"},"content":{"rendered":"
\n

Anterior Chamber Angle Measurement with Schiempflug Cornea Topography and Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty<\/p>\n

K\u00fcr\u00c5\u0178at Atalay*<\/sup>, Havva Erdo\u00c4\u0178an Kald\u00c4\u00b1r\u00c4\u00b1m*<\/sup>, Ahmet K\u00c4\u00b1rg\u00c4\u00b1z*<\/sup>, Metin Mert*<\/sup>,\u00a0K\u00fcbra \u00c5\u017eerefo\u00c4\u0178lu \u00c7abuk*<\/sup>, Muhittin Ta\u00c5\u0178kap\u00c4\u00b1l\u00c4\u00b1*<\/sup><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

ABSTRACT<\/strong><\/p>\n

Background and Objective:<\/strong> To evaluate anterior chamber angle (ACA) with Scheimpflug corneal topography before and after selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) treatment.<\/p>\n

Materials and Methods<\/strong>: A prospective cross sectional study performed on 55 eyes of 28 primary open angle glaucoma patients. A single session of SLT was done at previously untreated, phacic, non-operated, clear corneal eyes. Intraocular pressure and corneal topographic measurements were done before and after SLT treatment.<\/p>\n

Results:<\/strong> After follow up of 3 months, mean IOP and central corneal thickness measurements was found significantly reduced ( p= 0,00, p=0,003 respectively).On the other hand mean ACA measurements difference was found insignificant (p=0,194)<\/p>\n

Conclusion:<\/strong> SLT is an effective tool for glaucoma treatment. Although it is applied on trabecular meshwork it seems to cause no significant change at ACA measurements.<\/p>\n

Introduction<\/strong><\/p>\n

Glaucoma is a progressive neuropathy localized in the optic nerve and it is among the leading causes of blindness worldwide(1<\/a>). Intraocular pressure (IOP) control seems to be the best treatment that slows progression in glaucoma. There are several methods to reduce IOP such as pharmaceutical treatment, laser treatment and surgery. Selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT), described by Latina and Park in 1995 uses a frequency-doubled short pulse (Q-switched) Nd:YAG laser and the name \u201cselective\u201d has been given due to its targeting of pigmented trabecular meshwork cells while leaving the meshwork microstructure intact at anterior chamber angle (ACA)(2<\/a>). Minimal mechanical damage was shown at histologic sections of ACA of human and primate after SLT treatment(3-5<\/a>).<\/p>\n

Several instruments have been developed to image the anterior segment of the eye, one of them is rotating scheimpflug corneal tomography (SCT). SCT instrument uses a rotating camera that can image the anterior segment in 3 dimensions together with a second camera which captures eye movement for improved orientation of the images obtained by the rotating camera. Recently, there are some researches present about clinical usefulness and reliability of SCT at analysis of ACA and differentiation and fallow up of patients with glaucoma(6-9<\/a>). With these knowledge, a question may arise in mind that is there any change happens at anterior chamber angle measured by the scheimpflug corneal tomography after SLT. The following prospective study was designed to determine whether ACA measurements done by the scheimpflug corneal topography could be affected by SLT.<\/p>\n

Materials and Methods<\/strong><\/p>\n

A prospective cross sectional study was designed to evaluate the effects of SLT treatment at ACA measurements. The study was conducted from January 2014 to December 2014. All authors followed the Tenets of the Declaration of Helsinki. Local ethic committee approval was taken. Informed consent was obtained prior to treatment.<\/p>\n

Primary open angle glaucoma patients who were older than 18 years of age, previously untreated with laser or filtering surgery, were included in this study. Patients with anterior segment pathologies and who could not be followed for at least 3 months were excluded. Gonioscopic examination was done to every patient in order to rule out any angle pathology and to select patients with open angle glaucoma. 55 eyes of 28 patients were found eligible for this study. Complete ophthalmologic examination was done before SLT treatment and 3 months after the treatment. The IOP values before and after SLT were measured with a calibrated Goldmann tonometer .SLT treatment was given either for decreasing IOP levels at medically uncontrolled patients or for decreasing the amount of medical therapy. SLT treatment was performed by the same ophthalmologist.SCT measurements were taken by another ophthalmologist.<\/p>\n

SCT measurements were taken prior to SLT and after three months with SCT (Sirius\u2122 Costruzione Strumenti Oftalmici, Italy). All measurements were obtained between 10:00 and 16:00 o\u2019clock to minimize diurinal variation.<\/p>\n

Laser spots between 45 to 50 were applied at superior 180\u00b0 segment with the SLT Solo laser (Ellex, Adelaide,Australia) to the trabecular meshwork. The energy levels were changed from 0.8 to 1.3 mJ until a bubble formation was observed. All patients continued with the same pharmaceutical treatment after SLT.<\/p>\n

Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 11.0 for Windows. The normality of the data was checked by using the Kolmogorov\u2013Smirnov test. Paired-sample Student\u2019s t test and chi square test were used for comparison. A p-value of less than 0.05 was taken to denote statistical significance.<\/p>\n

Results<\/strong><\/p>\n

Twenty eight patients were enrolled for this study but one of the patients was pseudophakic so her operated eye was excluded from the study. The number of male and female patients were 14. Ages of the patients were between 39 to73 (mean 57.49\u00b1 9.31)).<\/p>\n

Preoperative and postoperative third month IOP, anterior chamber angle and central corneal thickness (CCT) measurements were found to be normally distributed with Kolmogorov Smirnov test (p=0.14, p=0.23, p=0.79 respectively).<\/p>\n

Mean baseline best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was measused 0.12 \u00b10.19 (\u00b12SD, n=55) LogMar. Third month after treatment, mean BCVA was found 0.13\u00b10.23 (\u00b12SD, n=55). BCVA of patients were not affected from the SLT treatment (p=0.53).<\/p>\n

Mean preoperative and postoperative IOP was 17.96 \u00b14.06 mmHg (\u00b12SD, n=55); 15.75 \u00b14.16 mmHg (\u00b12SD, n=55) respectively. Comparison of IOP values was found statistically significant (p=0.00). When successful treatment was considered more than 15 % IOP reduction, 58.2% of patients were found to be successfully treated.<\/p>\n

ACA measurements prior to SLT were changed between 28\u00ba to 54\u00ba (mean 40.18\u00ba \u00b15.97\u00ba (\u00b12SD, n=55)).Third month after SLT, ACA values were between 28\u00ba and 53\u00ba (mean 40.51\u00ba\u00b15.68\u00ba (\u00b12SD, n=55)).Pre and post treatment ACA values were not significantly different (p=0.194).<\/p>\n

CCT measurements were ranging between 417\u00b5m and 624 \u00b5m prior to SLT treatment (mean 541.04 \u00b5m \u00b141.039 \u00b5m (\u00b12SD, n=55)). CCT values after third month were changing between 410 \u00b5m and 630 \u00b5m (mean 537.71 \u00b5m \u00b143,802 \u00b5m (\u00b12SD, n=55)).A significant reduction was observed between pre and post treatment values of CCT (p=0.003).<\/p>\n

Discussion<\/strong><\/p>\n

Since its introduction for treatment of glaucoma SLT is one of the important treatment options of open angle glaucoma (10<\/a>).Most of the studies about tissue changes after SLT treatment are histologic and showing small destruction of the trabecular meshwork(3-5<\/a>).<\/p>\n

As a treatment option most of the previous studies reported good results with minimal side effects (11-14<\/a>). Sayin et all reported a decreased mean IOP from 20.4\u00b15.9 mmHg to 15.2\u00b13.4 mmHg at third month(11<\/a>). Kaya et all showed a decrease from 22.7\u00b12.1 mmHg to 18.4\u00b12.0 mmHg at patients with primary open angle glaucoma after third month of SLT treatment(12<\/a>).At another study done by Rosenfeld et all a significant reduction of IOP at third month of treatment was found and this reduction was similar to patients treated with argon laser trabeculoplaty(13<\/a>).Similarly, Cvenkel showed that in 44 eyes with medically uncontrolled OAG, 180\u00ba SLT resulted in IOP reduction of greater than 3 mm Hg in 79% of eyes and greater than 6 mm Hg in 40% after 6 months(14<\/a>).Although our study was not mainly focused on IOP changes, in order to check our treatment efficiency we also analyzed IOP values. A more than 3 mmHg (\u226515 %) IOP reduction at 58.2 % of patients was found with previous reports and this was correlated well with previous reports.<\/p>\n

There are a few reports on corneal changes after SLT. Ong et all reported a study analyzing 15 patients and concluded that effect of SLT on normal corneas might be transient and negligible(15<\/a>). A similar result was found by White et all at another study (16<\/a>). Lee et all was presented a transient reduction in endothelial cell count and CCT following SLT returning to baseline one month after single session of treatment (17<\/a>).They have reported a significant reduction at CCT values after one month of treatment. In our study, we also find a significant reduction at mean CCT values (p=0.003). However, it should be noted all these previous studies were done with corneal specular microscopy which is a device to analyze corneal endothelial structure and CCT. Corneal specular microscopy gives no clue about ACA and trabecular meshwork which is the treatment site of SLT. As far as we know, this is the first report about ACA changes measured with a reliable imaging technique and we find no significant change between mean baseline and third month ACA measurements (p=0.194).<\/p>\n

Conclusion<\/strong><\/p>\n

SLT is an effective tool for glaucoma treatment.This study showed no change at ACA measurements taken by SCT after SLT treatment. Additional studies using SCT or different imaging techniques may improve our knowledge about mechanism of action of SLT at ACA.<\/p>\n

Conflict of interest<\/h2>\n

All authors declare no conflict of interest with any commercial or funding organization.<\/p>\n

Acknowledgements<\/strong><\/p>\n

We thank Dr Muhittin Ta\u00c5\u0178kap\u00c4\u00b1l\u00c4\u00b1 for his guidance.<\/p>\n

References<\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/a>1.Bourne RR, Stevens GA, White RA, Smith JL, Flaxman SR, Price H, et al. Causes of vision loss worldwide, 1990-2010: a systematic analysis. The Lancet Global health. 2013;1(6):e339-49. Epub 2014\/08\/12. doi: 10.1016\/s2214-109x(13)70113-x. PubMed PMID: 25104599.<\/p>\n

<\/a>2.Latina MA, Sibayan SA, Shin DH, Noecker RJ, Marcellino G. Q-switched 532-nm Nd: YAG laser trabeculoplasty (selective laser trabeculoplasty): A multicenter, pilot, clinical study11Dr. Mark A. Latina has financial interest in this technology. Ophthalmology. 1998;105(11):2082-90.<\/p>\n

<\/a>3.Kramer TR, Noecker RJ. Comparison of the morphologic changes after selective laser trabeculoplasty and argon laser trabeculoplasty in human eye bank eyes. Ophthalmology. 2001;108(4):773-9. Epub 2001\/04\/12. PubMed PMID: 11297496.<\/p>\n

<\/a>4.Melamed S, Pei J, Epstein DL. Short-term effect of argon laser trabeculoplasty in monkeys. Archives of ophthalmology. 1985;103(10):1546-52. Epub 1985\/10\/01. PubMed PMID: 4051857.<\/p>\n

<\/a>5.Rodrigues MM, Spaeth GL, Donohoo P. Electron microscopy of argon laser therapy in phakic open-angle glaucoma. Ophthalmology. 1982;89(3):198-210. Epub 1982\/03\/01. PubMed PMID: 7088502.<\/p>\n

<\/a>6.Smith SD, Singh K, Lin SC, Chen PP, Chen TC, Francis BA, et al. Evaluation of the anterior chamber angle in glaucoma: a report by the american academy of ophthalmology. Ophthalmology. 2013;120(10):1985-97. Epub 2013\/08\/28. doi: 10.1016\/j.ophtha.2013.05.034. PubMed PMID: 23978623.<\/p>\n

<\/a>7.Konstantopoulos A, Hossain P, Anderson DF. Recent advances in ophthalmic anterior segment imaging: a new era for ophthalmic diagnosis? The British journal of ophthalmology. 2007;91(4):551-7. Epub 2007\/03\/21. doi: 10.1136\/bjo.2006.103408. PubMed PMID: 17372341; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC1994765.<\/p>\n

<\/a>8.Read SA, Collins MJ, Iskander DR, Davis BA. Corneal topography with Scheimpflug imaging and videokeratography: comparative study of normal eyes. Journal of cataract and refractive surgery. 2009;35(6):1072-81. Epub 2009\/05\/26. doi: 10.1016\/j.jcrs.2009.01.020. PubMed PMID: 19465294.<\/p>\n

<\/a>9.Savini G, Carbonelli M, Barboni P, Hoffer KJ. Repeatability of automatic measurements performed by a dual Scheimpflug analyzer in unoperated and post-refractive surgery eyes. Journal of cataract and refractive surgery. 2011;37(2):302-9. Epub 2011\/01\/19. doi: 10.1016\/j.jcrs.2010.07.039. PubMed PMID: 21241913.<\/p>\n

<\/a>10.Wong MO, Lee JW, Choy BN, Chan JC, Lai JS. Systematic review and meta-analysis on the efficacy of selective laser trabeculoplasty in open-angle glaucoma. Survey of ophthalmology. 2015;60(1):36-50. Epub 2014\/08\/13. doi: 10.1016\/j.survophthal.2014.06.006. PubMed PMID: 25113610.<\/p>\n

<\/a>11.Sayin N, Alkin Z, Ozkaya A, Demir A, Yazici AT, Bozkurt E, et al. Efficacy of selective laser trabeculoplasty in medically uncontrolled glaucoma. ISRN ophthalmology. 2013;2013:975281. Epub 2014\/02\/22. doi: 10.1155\/2013\/975281. PubMed PMID: 24558611; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3914165.<\/p>\n

<\/a>12.Kara N, Altan C, Yuksel K, Tetikoglu M. Comparison of the efficacy and safety of selective laser trabeculoplasty in cases with primary open-angle glaucoma and pseudoexfoliative glaucoma. The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences. 2013;29(9):500-4. Epub 2013\/09\/11. doi: 10.1016\/j.kjms.2013.01.005. PubMed PMID: 24018154.<\/p>\n

<\/a>13.Rosenfeld E, Shemesh G, Kurtz S. The efficacy of selective laser trabeculoplasty versus argon laser trabeculoplasty in pseudophakic glaucoma patients. Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, NZ). 2012;6:1935-40. Epub 2012\/12\/12. doi: 10.2147\/opth.s34193. PubMed PMID: 23225995; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3514053.<\/p>\n

<\/a>14.Cvenkel B. One-year follow-up of selective laser trabeculoplasty in open-angle glaucoma. Ophthalmologica. 2004;218(1):20-5. Epub 2003\/12\/23. doi: 10.1159\/000074562. PubMed PMID: 14688431.<\/p>\n

<\/a>15.Ong K, Ong L, Ong L. Corneal endothelial changes after selective laser trabeculoplasty. Clinical & experimental ophthalmology. 2013;41(6):537-40. Epub 2013\/01\/22. doi: 10.1111\/ceo.12068. PubMed PMID: 23332035.<\/p>\n

<\/a>16.White AJ, Mukherjee A, Hanspal I, Sarkies NJ, Martin KR, Shah P. Acute transient corneal endothelial changes following selective laser trabeculoplasty. Clinical & experimental ophthalmology. 2013;41(5):435-41. Epub 2012\/10\/20. doi: 10.1111\/ceo.12022. PubMed PMID: 23078238.<\/p>\n

<\/a>17.Lee JW, Chan JC, Chang RT, Singh K, Liu CC, Gangwani R, et al. Corneal changes after a single session of selective laser trabeculoplasty for open-angle glaucoma. Eye (London, England). 2014;28(1):47-52. Epub 2013\/10\/19. doi: 10.1038\/eye.2013.231. PubMed PMID: 24136571; PubMed Central PMCID: PMCPMC3890760.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Anterior Chamber Angle Measurement with Schiempflug Cornea Topography and Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty K\u00fcr\u00c5\u0178at Atalay*, Havva Erdo\u00c4\u0178an Kald\u00c4\u00b1r\u00c4\u00b1m*, Ahmet K\u00c4\u00b1rg\u00c4\u00b1z*, Metin Mert*,\u00a0K\u00fcbra \u00c5\u017eerefo\u00c4\u0178lu \u00c7abuk*, Muhittin Ta\u00c5\u0178kap\u00c4\u00b1l\u00c4\u00b1* \u00a0 ABSTRACT Background and Objective: To evaluate anterior chamber angle (ACA) with Scheimpflug corneal topography before and after selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) treatment. Materials and Methods: A prospective cross sectional […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[5782],"tags":[6,5662,11198,11201,11202,10872,11200,9830,9822,11199,9880,9831,9834,9817],"class_list":["post-84476","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-health","tag-brush","tag-1500-words-assessment-brief","tag-all-assignment-help","tag-compose-a-page-essay","tag-course-rated","tag-my-assignment-help","tag-my-essay-pro-samples","tag-powerpoint-slide-presentation-assignment-help","tag-professor-essays","tag-research-essayservice","tag-uk","tag-usa-assignment-answers-examples","tag-usa-writings","tag-written-essay-hub"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.colapapers.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/84476","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.colapapers.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.colapapers.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.colapapers.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.colapapers.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=84476"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.colapapers.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/84476\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.colapapers.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=84476"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.colapapers.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=84476"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.colapapers.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=84476"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}